{"id":470,"date":"2026-08-03T13:11:41","date_gmt":"2026-08-03T13:11:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/americanservicereview.com\/?p=470"},"modified":"2026-08-03T13:11:41","modified_gmt":"2026-08-03T13:11:41","slug":"trump-administration-targets-birth-tourism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/americanservicereview.com\/?p=470","title":{"rendered":"Trump administration targets birth tourism"},"content":{"rendered":"

Stephen Breyer became an associate justice of the Supreme Court on this day in 1994. He retired at the end of the court\u2019s 2021-22 term.<\/p>

Read more The court and the \u201copinions of mankind\u201d<\/a><\/p>

At the Court<\/h2>

Last week, the Trump administration asked the Supreme Court on its emergency docket to clear the way for the implementation of President Donald Trump\u2019s executive order on mail-in voting. Twelve states \u2013 led by Alabama \u2013 later echoed this request in their own application. Responses to these requests from those states challenging the order are due today by 4 p.m. EDT.<\/p><\/div><\/div>

The Supreme Court has indicated on its website that its courtroom will be closed beginning today until Monday, Aug. 31. No courtroom lectures will take place during this period.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Morning Reads<\/h2>

Trump Targets \u2018Birth Tourism\u2019 After Birthright Citizenship Loss<\/h3>

Andrew Kreighbaum and Celine Castronuovo, Bloomberg Law<\/p>

After the Supreme Court struck down President Donald Trump\u2019s executive order aimed at limiting access to birthright citizenship, the Trump administration and Republican allies have focused their attention on ending \u201cbirth tourism\u201d \u2013 that is, when \u201cforeign nationals [travel] to the US with the purpose of giving birth.\u201d \u201cThe Justice Department has told US attorneys\u2019 offices and the Criminal Division to prioritize the prosecution of birth tourism schemes,\u201d according to Bloomberg Law. \u201cStepped up enforcement could result in intense scrutiny of visa applicants and travelers to the US and charges for people facilitating birth tourism, former consular officials and federal prosecutors said.\u201d<\/p><\/div><\/div>

Illinois Democrat appeals corruption conviction to Supreme Court<\/h3>

Zach Schonfeld, The Hill<\/p>

Former Illinois House Speaker Michael Madigan, a Democrat, \u201cask[ed] the Supreme Court to review his corruption conviction,\u201d according to The Hill. \u201cThe longest-serving legislative leader in U.S. history was sentenced to more than seven years in prison for using his position to financially reward himself and political associates.\u201d \u201cMadigan raised several arguments in his appeal, including that he didn\u2019t act \u2018corruptly,\u2019 as is required by the federal program bribery statute.\u201d \u201cThe novel bribery theories the government zealously pursued against Speaker Madigan stretch federal bribery law in ways that threaten to criminalize and chill lawful interactions between state and local officials and their constituents,\u201d his lawyers wrote. The Hill noted that Madigan is \u201cthe latest in a line of elected leaders ensnared in corruption scandals who\u2019ve taken claims to the nation\u2019s highest court that they\u2019re being criminally prosecuted over legitimate politics.\u201d<\/p><\/div><\/div>

Kamala Harris says the US Supreme Court should expand to 13 justices<\/h3>

Patrick Svitek, CNN<\/p>

On Friday, former Vice President and potential 2028 presidential candidate Kamala Harris shared her support for expanding the Supreme Court. \u201cWe need to revisit the point of expanding the court to 13 justices,\u201d Harris said at the National Urban League\u2019s annual conference in Nashville. \u201cAs vice president, Harris backed Supreme Court changes proposed by President Joe Biden such as term limits, though those proposals did not include increasing the number of justices,\u201d according to CNN. \u201cAmong other potential 2028 contenders, former Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg has long called for expanding the court, pitching a 15-member court in his 2020 run. Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez of New York is also a longtime proponent of adding more justices.\u201d<\/p><\/div><\/div>

Amazon says it got $600 million in Trump tariff refunds and will pass return along to some customers<\/h3>

Annie Palmer, CNBC<\/p>

On Thursday, Amazon announced on an earnings call \u201cthat it has received $600 million in tariff refunds after the Supreme Court ruled that many of President Donald Trump\u2019s levies were illegal,\u201d according to CNBC. \u201cAmazon previously hadn\u2019t said whether it intended to apply for the refunds. In May, consumers filed a class-action lawsuit in federal court in Seattle, arguing that they were owed refunds for paying tariff-inflated prices and alleging the company wasn\u2019t seeking refunds in order to \u2018curry favor\u2019 with Trump.\u201d Brian Olsavsky, Amazon\u2019s finance chief, \u201csaid some of the company\u2019s tariff refunds will be returned to shoppers.\u201d \u201cWe\u2019ve identified a limited set of circumstances where we can trace that we\u2019ve passed specific import charges onto customers, and when we receive those refunds, we will proactively contact affected customers and automatically issue refunds to them,\u201d Olsavsky said.<\/p><\/div><\/div>

Alabama Plans Inmate\u2019s Execution After Supreme Court Blocked Last Attempt<\/h3>

Rick Rojas, The New York Times<\/svg><\/span><\/p>

In June, Alabama\u2019s planned nitrogen gas execution of Jeffery Lee, who was convicted of \u201ckilling two people and wounding a third\u201d in 1988, was postponed after lower court judges determined \u201cthat execution using the gas was \u2018likely unconstitutional\u2019 in Mr. Lee\u2019s case\u201d and the Supreme Court turned down the state\u2019s request to allow the execution to proceed as scheduled. On Thursday, Alabama \u201cGov. Kay Ivey said … the state would try again to carry out the execution,\u201d instructing \u201ccorrections officials to schedule the execution … for Sept. 17 \u2013 this time using lethal injection,\u201d according to The New York Times. \u201cIn a statement on Thursday evening, Mr. Lee\u2019s lawyers accused the state of trying to \u2018outrun\u2019 the Constitution by moving forward with a lethal injection execution.\u201d They have previously said that such an execution \u201cwould violate an agreement that Mr. Lee reached with the state nearly a decade ago.\u201d They \u201cpointed to language in the agreement specifying that Mr. Lee would be executed by the gas and not the three-drug protocol used in lethal injection executions.\u201d<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

On Site<\/h2>
From the SCOTUSblog Team<\/span>

The court\u2019s big gun cases \u2013 and what\u2019s next<\/h3>

By Alex Rivenbark<\/p>

The 2025-26 term marked the first time since the court recognized an individual right to own a firearm for self-defense in 2008 that the justices decided more than one Second Amendment case in a single term. Alex explored the significance of the two rulings and the gun rights questions the court will tackle next.<\/p><\/div>

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Contributor Corner<\/span>

The court and the \u201copinions of mankind\u201d<\/h3>

By Martin Flaherty<\/p>

In his Court Beyond Borders column, Martin Flaherty reflected on the Supreme Court\u2019s approach to international law, contending that the current court has shown \u201cincreasing hostility to long established international human rights protections.\u201d<\/p>

Read more The court\u2019s big gun cases \u2013 and what\u2019s next<\/a><\/p><\/div>

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
A Closer Look<\/div>

When was Justice Kavanaugh not in the majority?<\/h3><\/div>

Like Chief Justice John Roberts (whom we covered in an earlier closer look), Justice Brett Kavanaugh was in the majority of the time when it came to merits cases this term \u2013 meaning he only fell on the dissenting side in three of these . Much as Kavanaugh and the chief were \u201c\u201d per SCOTUSblog\u2019s Stat Pack (they voted together 94% of the time; 85% of the time in closely divided cases), their \u201cnon-majority\u201d cases were not all identical. <\/em>And unlike the chief, who did not write separately in any of the cases in which he dissented, Kavanaugh authored one of his three dissents.<\/p>

Kavanaugh\u2019s first vote in the non-majority coalition (chronologically by opinion release date) came in Learning Resources, Inc. v. Trump<\/em>, better known as the tariffs case. As SCOTUSblog readers are likely well aware, on Feb. 20, 2026, the court held 6-3 that the\u00a0International Emergency Economic Powers Act\u00a0did not authorize President Donald Trump to impose tariffs. Roberts authored the majority opinion, which was joined at least in part by Justices Sonia Sotomayor, Elena Kagan, Neil Gorsuch, Amy Coney Barrett, and Ketanji Brown Jackson. Gorsuch and Barrett wrote concurring opinions, Kagan wrote an opinion concurring in part and concurring in the judgment (joined by Sotomayor and Jackson), and Jackson also wrote an opinion concurring in part and concurring in the judgment. Justice Clarence Thomas wrote a dissenting opinion, as did Kavanaugh. Kavanaugh\u2019s 63-page dissent was joined by Thomas and Justice Samuel Alito.<\/p>

Kavanaugh wrote that he \u201cwould conclude that the President\u2019s power under IEEPA to \u2018regulate . . . importation\u2019 encompasses tariffs.\u201d He also wrote that the \u201cinterim effects of the Court\u2019s decision could be substantial,\u201d stating that the refund process is \u201clikely to be a \u2018mess.\u2019\u201d And he ended with this other prognostication: \u201cAlthough I firmly disagree with the Court\u2019s holding today, the decision might not substantially constrain a President\u2019s ability to order tariffs going forward \u2026 because numerous other federal statutes authorize the President to impose tariffs and might justify most (if not all) of the tariffs at issue in this case.\u201d (Indeed, the president has attempted, at least in part, to do just that.)<\/p>

Kavanaugh\u2019s second dissenting vote came in Hencely v. Fluor Corporation<\/em>, where he (along with the chief) joined Alito\u2019s dissent. The case arose from a 2016 Taliban attack at a U.S. base where an Army specialist was injured and later sued the contractor under state law. Thomas wrote for the six-justice majority, holding that military contractors do not have absolute immunity for negligence in an active war zone. Alito wrote in dissent that \u201c[u]nder the Constitution, the power to make war and conduct combat operations is entrusted exclusively to Congress and the President \u2026 This suit violates that cardinal principle.\u201d<\/p>

Kavanaugh\u2019s third non-majority vote came in Watson v. Republican National Committee<\/em>, decided 5-4 on June 29, in which the court held that the federal election-day statutes do not prevent states from counting mail-in ballots postmarked by Election Day but received afterward, and in Mississippi\u2019s case, up to five days later. Barrett, joined by Roberts, Sotomayor, Kagan, and Jackson, wrote the majority opinion. \u201cThe election-day statutes say nothing about ballot receipt, and we cannot add to the words Congress chose,\u201d Barrett .<\/p>

Alito wrote a dissenting opinion joined in full by Thomas and Gorsuch, and joined by Kavanaugh as to all but two sections (II-C-2 and III). In the part joined by all three, Alito wrote that \u201c[t]he acceptance of these late-arriving ballots effectively postpones the date on which the electorate\u2019s choice is made, and federal law precludes that postponement.\u201d Part II-C-2, which, again, Kavanaugh did not join, criticized the majority\u2019s treatment of the Civil War voting-practices example, while Part III addressed the majority\u2019s reliance on the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act, which (per the majority) \u201crequires States to permit absent military and overseas voters to cast absentee ballots in federal elections.\u201d Alito argued \u2013 among other things \u2013 that UOCAVA couldn\u2019t dictate the meaning of such statutes since it was passed decades later.<\/p>

What can we make of this? First, in contrast to the chief, whose three dissents came in technical, lower-profile disputes, Kavanaugh\u2019s non-majority votes included two of the biggest cases of the term: the tariffs case and the mail-in ballots case. Second, while none of the three cases were 6-3 splits along ideological lines, in all three the court\u2019s Democratic appointees were in the majority (at least in part), while Kavanaugh found himself in the dissent alongside another Republican appointee. Finally, as with the chief, being in the majority is familiar territory for Kavanaugh.<\/p><\/div><\/div>

SCOTUS Quote<\/h2>

MR. ENGLERT: \u201c\u2026 Chiarella<\/em> says fraud in a statute is very broad, but it’s broad enough to cover the common law and no more. If Congress wants to go broader than the common law \u2013\u201d\u00ad\u00ad<\/p>

JUSTICE BREYER: \u201cWell, fine. But what is \u2013 I’m talking the common law. All I know about contracts came from Blackjack Dawson, my contracts teacher \u2013\u201d<\/p>

Read more Palestinian authorities seek Supreme Court relief<\/a><\/p>

(2016)<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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